SPRING CHICKEN BECOMES CHICKEN IN SPRING # 1 CASUAL ELEGANCE

‘Spring Chicken’ is just an outdated term for a young person now but less than a century ago it was a gourmet food.  Chickens can lay eggs all year but don’t in winter without proper shelter because they won’t sit a nest or even survive the cold themselves.  Farmers welcomed spring hatchlings as a way to renew their flocks but flocks only need one rooster. Excess male chicks were nurtured for 3 months. By then, they weighed about 2 pounds, a proper meal, the meat was still tender and they commanded premium prices. However, roosters are aggressive, so smart farmers castrated those chicks, creating a bird more interested in food than fighting called a Capon. Plump capons were stars on elegant menus for centuries.

In the 1950s, heated, clean chicken housing and hatcheries with incubators were introduced and ‘chicken farming’ began to transform into ‘the poultry industry’. By the 1960s chicken had become a week-day meal, and by the 1970s the broiler-fryer, physically a ‘spring chicken’, had become the norm. In the 1980s the oven stuffer roaster was introduced as well as boneless breasts, thighs and ‘tenders’. 

By the 1990s-2000s selective cross breeding of different strains and improved veterinary  care had produced a sturdy bird of very light, tender meat which is ready for market in 48 days. Poultry has become a gigantic industry with more chickens than people in the U. S. alone, at any given time. I go into detail about not just chickens but other types of fowl in my book The Poultry Place, All About the Birds We Serve, Both Tame and Game. 

Despite the growth of the industry, 12 month accessibility and even its availability as a fast food, chicken remains a favorite choice for all types of spring menus, from the holiday dinner to the picnic. So the concept of ‘Spring Chicken’ goes on, though now the recipes focus more on presenting ‘chicken in spring’ by combining it  with seasonal vegetables, especially in sheet pan or skillet dishes and salads. The recipes below illustrate this current trend

RECIPES

Chicken & Spinach Skillet Pasta with Lemon & Parmesan: Serves 4-From https://www.eatingwell.com/recipe/267768/chicken-spinach-skillet-pasta-with-lemon-parmesan/
8 ounces gluten-free penne pasta or whole-wheat penne pasta

2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil 

1 pound boneless, skinless chicken breast or thighs, trimmed, if necessary, and cut into

½ teaspoon salt

¼ teaspoon ground pepper

4 cloves garlic, minced

½ cup dry white wine

Juice and zest of 1 lemon

10 cups chopped fresh spinach

4 tablespoons grated Parmesan cheese, divided

Cook pasta according to package directions. Drain and set aside. Meanwhile, heat oil in a large high-sided skillet over medium-high heat. Add chicken, salt and pepper; cook, stirring occasionally, until just cooked through, 5 to 7 minutes. Add garlic and cook, stirring, until fragrant, about 1 minute. Stir in wine, lemon juice and zest; bring to a simmer. Remove from heat. Stir in spinach and the cooked pasta. Cover and let stand until the spinach is just wilted. Divide among 4 plates and top each serving with 1 tablespoon Parmesan.

One-Pot Chicken Pesto Pasta with Asparagus: Serves 4 – From https://www.eatingwell.com/recipe/273007/chicken-pesto-pasta-with-asparagus/

8 ounces whole-wheat penne

1 pound fresh asparagus, trimmed and cut into 2-inch pieces

2 cups shredded cooked chicken breast 

1 (7 ounce) container refrigerated basil pesto

1 teaspoon salt
¼ teaspoon ground pepper

1 ounce Parmesan cheese, grated (about 1/4 cup) 

Small fresh basil leaves for garnish

Cook pasta in a large pot according to package directions. Add asparagus to the pot during the final 2 minutes of cooking time. Drain, reserving 1/2 cup cooking water. Return the pasta mixture to the pot; stir in chicken, pesto, salt and pepper. Stir in the reserved cooking water, 1 tablespoon at a time, to reach desired consistency. Transfer the mixture to a serving dish; sprinkle with Parmesan and garnish with basil, if desired. Serve immediately.

One-Pan Chicken & Asparagus Bake: Serves 4- From-https://www.eatingwell.com/recipe/278009/one-pan-chicken-asparagus-bake/

2 (8 ounce) boneless, skinless chicken breasts, cut in half crosswise

12 ounces baby Yukon Gold potatoes, halved lengthwise

8 ounces carrots, diagonally sliced into 1-inch pieces

3 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil, divided 

2 teaspoons ground coriander, divided

¾ teaspoon salt, divided

½ teaspoon ground pepper, divided

2 tablespoons lemon juice

2 tablespoons chopped shallot

1 tablespoon whole-grain Dijon mustard

2 teaspoons honey

1 pound fresh asparagus, trimmed

2 tablespoons chopped fresh flat-leaf parsley

1 tablespoon chopped fresh dill

Lemon wedges

Preheat oven to 375°F. Place chicken on a clean work surface and cover with plastic wrap.

Using a meat mallet, pound the chicken pieces to an even 1/2-inch thickness.

Arrange on one half of a large rimmed baking sheet.

Arrange potatoes and carrots in a single layer on the other half of the pan.

Drizzle the chicken and vegetables with 1 tablespoon oil; sprinkle with 1 teaspoon coriander, 1/2 teaspoon salt and 1/4 teaspoon pepper.

Bake for 15 minutes.

Meanwhile, whisk lemon juice, shallot, mustard, honey and the remaining 2 tablespoons oil, 1 teaspoon coriander, 1/4 teaspoon salt and 1/4 teaspoon pepper in a small bowl.

Remove the pan from the oven; switch the oven to broil.

Stir the potato-carrot mixture; arrange asparagus in the center of the pan.

Spoon the lemon juice-shallot mixture evenly over the chicken and vegetables.

Broil until the chicken and vegetables are lightly browned, asparagus is tender-crisp and a thermometer inserted in the thickest portion of the chicken registers 165°F, about 10 minutes.

Remove from oven; sprinkle evenly with parsley and dill. Serve with lemon wedges.

Three Pea Chicken Salad: Serves 4- From   https://www.bonappetit.com/recipe/three-pea-chicken-salad

4 sprigs tarragon plus 2 tablespoons minced leaves

2 large shallots, 1 halved, 1 minced

2 garlic cloves, 1 smashed, 1 minced

1 pound skinless, boneless chicken breasts

Kosher salt, freshly ground pepper

3/4 cup plain Greek yogurt

3 tablespoons olive oil

1/2 pound thinly sliced stringed sugar snap peas

1 cup shelled fresh English (or frozen, thawed) peas

1/2 cup thinly sliced stringed snow peas

1/4 cup finely chopped flat-leaf parsley

1/4 cup finely chopped fresh chives

2 teaspoons finely grated lemon zest plus 1 tablespoon (or more) fresh lemon juice
8 slices toasted whole grain bread and/or lettuce leaves

Place tarragon sprigs, halved shallot, smashed garlic, and chicken in a medium saucepan. Add water to cover by 1 inch and season with salt and pepper. Bring water to a boil; remove pan from heat, cover, and let stand until chicken is just cooked through, 15–25 minutes, depending on size of chicken breasts. Transfer chicken to a plate and let cool. Shred or dice chicken.  Meanwhile, whisk yogurt, oil, minced shallot, and minced garlic in a small bowl. Season dressing with salt and pepper.

Combine all peas in a medium bowl. Add chicken, dressing, minced tarragon, parsley, chives, lemon zest, and 1 Tbsp. lemon juice; toss to coat. Season to taste with salt, pepper, and additional lemon juice, if desired. Serve spooned over toasted bread and/or lettuce leaves.

Skillet Chicken Primavera: Serve 6 –From https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/274784/easy-skillet-chicken-primavera/

½ cup all-purpose flour

1 tablespoon dried parsley

1 teaspoon dried basil

1 ½ pounds skinless, boneless chicken breasts, cut into strips

¼ cup extra-virgin olive oil

1 tablespoon minced garlic

2 ¼ cups low-sodium chicken stock  

1 cup frozen mixed vegetables

1 pint grape tomatoes, halved

1 bunch green onions, diagonally sliced

1 medium zucchini, quartered and sliced

2 tablespoons sun-dried tomato pesto

Salt and ground black pepper to taste

Whisk together flour, parsley, and basil in a medium bowl. Add chicken strips and toss until well coated.

Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add chicken and cook, turning occasionally, until lightly browned on the outside and no longer pink, about 10 minutes. Add garlic and cook for 1 minute.

Add chicken stock, mixed vegetables, grape tomatoes, green onions, zucchini, and pesto. Cook, stirring occasionally, until heated through, about 10 minutes.

Lemon Chicken Thighs with Artichokes: Serves 6-From  https://www.foodiecrush.com/lemon-chicken-thighs-artichokes/

6. bone-in, skin-on chicken thighs about 2 pounds

1 tablespoon olive oil

1 teaspoon kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper

1 medium yellow onion chopped

1 cup dry white wine

2 tablespoons butter

(1) 15 ounce can quartered artichoke hearts in water

1lemon thinly sliced and seeded

1 tablespoon fresh parsley minced

Preheat the oven to 425°F. Season both sides of the chicken thighs with kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper. Place the chicken thighs skin side down in a cold 12-inch cast iron skillet. Cook over medium high heat until the chicken releases from the pan and is golden brown, about 8 minutes. Transfer the chicken skin side up to a baking sheet lined with foil and topped with a baking rack. Bake for 15-20 minutes or until cooked through and internal temperature is 160°F. Tent with foil and rest for 5 minutes or until the temperature registers 165°F.
While the chicken is baking, set aside all but one tablespoon of the oil from the skillet and cook the chopped onion until it softens, stirring occasionally about 3-4 minutes. Add the white wine and scrape up any browned bits from the bottom of the pan. Stir in the butter until melted. Add the artichoke hearts and sliced lemons and cook until warmed and sauce reduces, about 5 minutes. Add the chicken back to the pan, sprinkle with the parsley and spoon with the sauce. Serve with steamed rice or pasta. 

Chicken with Balsamic and Strawberries: Serves 4-From  https://www.savoryonline.com/recipes/grilled-chicken-with-strawberries-and-balsamic/
1 1/2 lbs. boneless, skinless chicken thighs

 2 tbsp. canola or vegetable oil

1 tsp Italian seasoning

 1/2 (16 oz.) pkg. strawberries

 2 tbsp. balsamic vinegar

 1/4 cup finely chopped basil

Set grill to medium. Toss the chicken thighs with the oil and Italian seasoning. Season with salt and pepper. Cook chicken 6–7 min. per side, or until an instant read thermometer reaches 165°F when inserted into the thickest part of thigh. While chicken cooks, hull and finely chop the strawberries. Add to a small bowl with the vinegar and basil. Toss to combine. Season with salt and pepper to taste.

Transfer chicken to a platter and spoon strawberry mixture on top. Serve immediately

CAKES THAT SING SPRING

For years I’ve been explaining why appropriate cakes are the ideal dessert for winter holiday events. They’re delicious, popular, decorative, can be made ahead, frozen and thawed before serving. (See post of Dec.9, 2020)  Last year, I suddenly realized a different line of appropriate cakes are ideal for the spring holiday feasts too, for the same reasons.

The general conception of ‘spring desserts’ is a berry presentation, but, as stated last week, Mother Nature is usually late, especially with fruits, for the holidays. There are fresh berries, particularly strawberries and blueberries, in markets all year but lacking the taste and texture of field grown local crops, they’re better for baking at this time. Pastry simply doesn’t shout ‘SPRING’. 

Cake can mimic the colorful candies of the season, even copy some textures and flavors, like chocolate and coconut. Still better, they provide wonderful spaces to use those berries to create fabulous decorations.

Spring Cakes are lighter in texture and more subtle in flavor. They bring a freshness to the table which personifies the spirit of the season. Spring Cakes are great as treats on a weeknight or weekend, such as the Vegetable Cake below, and with small alterations or optional frostings and garnishes, most become a decorative headliner at a holiday feast or special occasion.

Another feature of Spring Cakes is their individuality. All of the recipes below, with two exceptions, are made from scratch rather than commercial mixes. Yet all of them require little more effort and no more time or cost for additional ingredients than commercial products. So give them a  try—You’ll be so glad you did!! P.S. I’ve put personal notes on several recipes.

RECIPES

Fresh Blueberry Cake: Serves 8-10
5 Tbs. butter
2 ¼ cups flour
1 cup sugar
2 eggs
¼ cup milk
2 tsp. baking powder
1 tsp. EACH vanilla and cinnamon
2 cups fresh blueberries sprinkled with a little sugar
Cut 4 Tbs. butter into flour and sugar until it resembles pebbles. Reserve ¼ cup of mixture. Add remaining ingredients, except blueberries and cinnamon, and best until smooth. Pour batter into a greased spring form pan, turning pan so batter forms a rim around the pan edge, leaving a hallow in the center. Place berries in hallow. Mix 1 Tbs. butter, cinnamon and reserved batter with hands until small crumbles appear and scatter them over the berries. Bake in preheated 450 deg. oven for 5 min., reduce heat to 350 deg. and bake 30 min. more. Serve warm or cold.

Boston Cream Pie: Serves 10-Despite the name this is actually a cake and great for the season, Try it with a garnish of coconut for Easter.
CAKE
1/3 cup butter-softened
1 cup sugar
2 eggs
1 tsp. vanilla
1 ¼ cups flour
1 ½ tsp. baking powder
¼ tsp. salt
¾ cup milk
FILLING
1/3 cup sugar
2 Tbs. cornstarch
1 ½ cups milk
2 egg yolks-slightly beaten
1 Tb. butter
1 tsp. vanilla
GLAZE
1 Tbs. water
1 Tbs. butter
3 Tbs. cocoa
1 cup confectioner’s sugar
½ tsp. vanilla
For cake-Beat first 4 ingredients until light and fluffy. Combine next 3 and add alternately to egg mix with milk. Pour batter into (2) 9 inch greased cake pans and bake in a preheated 350 deg. 30 min.
For Filling-Combine first 4 ingredients in a saucepan and cook over medium heat, constantly stirring, until mixture boils. Boil 1 min. until thickened. Remove from heat and add butter and vanilla. Stir to incorporate, cool and chill covered.
For glaze-Bring butter and sugar to a frothing boil, in a saucepan. Remove from heat add cocoa and beat in sugar and vanilla until smooth. Immediately pour over assembled cake allowing it to drip down the sides.
For assembly– Make filling before cake. After cake is completely cooled, divide each layer in half to make 4 layers. Coat 3 of the layers with filling, and place on top of each other ending with the 4^th layer. Pour hot glaze over. Cool and/or chill before serving.

Modified Opera Cake: Serves 10-12-A great dessert for events all year.
(3) 9 inch round cake pans—available as a 3-pack in a dollar store
Parchment paper or waxed paper
1 box yellow cake mix and ingredients listed on package*
8 oz. container whipped topping
8 oz. cream cheese
1 tsp. almond extract
1 can dark chocolate frosting
Toasted slivered almonds—optional for garnish
Cut parchment rounds to fit cake pans. Grease pan bottoms and paper rounds. Mix batter according to package directions and place 1/3 in each pan. Bake at package stated temperature for 1/3 the time recommended, usually about 15-18 min. or until top springs back when lightly pressed. Cool then invert onto plates and peel off paper. If necessary, slice tops to level them.
Beat cheese, topping and extract together until smooth. Plate one cake layer and cover with a thin layer of frosting, spread ½ the cheese mixture on top and repeat with a second layer. Top with the 3rd layer even side up making sure it’s level. Remove excess filling from sides with a knife if needed.
Microwave remaining frosting 20-30 sec. until easily pourable but not too runny and using a spoon as a guide if necessary, pour evenly over the top of the cake to create a smooth glazed effect . It’s O.K. if some runs decoratively down the sides. Decorate with toasted slivers of almonds or a sprig of holly in the center.

Authentic Opera Cake–This is a sponge cake recipe and the easiest one I’ve seen.
3 eggs separated
6 Tbs. sugar
Dash salt
¾ cup sifted cake flour
½ tsp. vanilla
3 Tbs. sugar
Beat yolks, sugar and salt until light and fluffy, about 5 min. Fold in flour. Beat whites until soft peaks form and then beat, adding sugar, until peaks are stiff. Fold a glob of whites into yolk mixture, and then fold in the rest. Pour into 3 pans, prepared as instructed above, and bake at 325 deg. for 15 min. Ice and store as for box mix.

Spring Rum Sponge Cake

The sponge cake batter for the Authentic Opera Cake above is wonderful baked in two layers with the rum frosting below. Simply prepare (2) 9 inch cake pans as directed above and bake at 350 deg. for 20-25 min. until a toothpick comes out clean. For many years this was my family’s choice for Easter dessert.

Rum Buttercream Frosting-From twosisterscrafting.com
1 pound (4 cups) of confectioner’s sugar
1 cup butter-softened
1-2 Tbs. milk
1 tsp. Rum Extract
Beat sugar and butter on low, add 1 Tbs. milk and continue beating until incorporated, then begin to bet on medium-high, scraping sides and bottom of bowl often and adding more milk a bit at a time  until icing is right consistency. Beat in rum extract.

Pistachio Marble Cake: Serves 10–A great every day cake, but one which easily dresses up.
Requirements: 1 mixing bowl; 2 layer cake pans or 1 tube pan
1 box marble cake mix WITHOUT pudding included. White or yellow will do if you can’t find marble*. The important thing is no pudding in the mix.
(1) 4 serving size box pistachio instant pudding and pie filling mix.
1 1/3 cup water
3 eggs
1/3 cup of oil
1 can dark chocolate creamy or whipped frosting mix OR make pistachio frosting if you want the cake to have a soft green appearance (Nice for Christmas and Easter)-see directions below
¾ cup coarsely chopped pistachio nuts (optional)
Cooking spray
3 Tbs. unsweetened cocoa powder*
This can be made in 2 layer pans but appears more attractive when cut if made in a tube or bunt pan. Prepare pan(s) by spraying liberally with cooking spray. Preheat oven to 350 degrees.
Beat the eggs, water, pudding mix and oil into the batter until it is smooth. See cake mix directions. Using a spoon, blend in ½ cup nuts. Pour 2/3 of the batter into the prepared pan(s) if using a marble mix directions will say to add contents of the enclosed envelope to the remaining 1/3 batter in the bowl. * * If not, add the cocoa powder to 1/3 cup reserved batter and blend well. The cake box directions will now tell you to pour the chocolate batter over that in the pan(s) and using a table knife, blade down, in a cutting motion, gently swirl the top layer into the one below, creating a marble effect. If using a tube pan, go down to reach the bottom, but don’t overdo.
Bake the cake for the times dictated on the box for your choice of pan. Cool as directed and frost with the chocolate frosting. Use the rest of the nuts as garnish. If using a pistachio frosting there is the option of garnishing with chocolate curls or chips.

Pistachio Frosting: Makes enough to fill and frost 2 layers
I don’t like very sugary frostings, nor do I need one high in calories and fat. So I’m offering 2 recipes here. The first is the classic Kraft recipe for pudding icing and the second is my own creation. There is a third choice which uses only whipped topping, but I find that is so light that it soaks into the cake in a day and can’t be made in advance.
1) Kraft Pudding Icing: Makes about 2 ½ cups
(1)4 oz. pkg. = ½ of 8 oz. pkg. cream cheese, softened
 1 stick= ½ cup unsalted butter, softened
1 ½ cups powdered sugar
 1 pkg. (3.4 oz.) Pistachio flavor instant pudding and pie filling
Using an electric mixer beat together cream cheese and butter until well combined. Add pudding and beat on high speed until light and fluffy and pale in color, approximately 5 min. Gradually add powdered sugar and beat until fully incorporated and fluffy.

2) My Pudding Icing: Makes about 4 cups
(1) 8 oz. pkg. cream cheese
(1) 8oz. tub whipped topping
(1) 4 serving box of pistachio instant pudding and pie mix
Beat all 3 ingredients together until completely blended, smooth and spreadable.

Vegetable Garden Cake: Serves 10
3 eggs beaten until fluffy
1 cup oil
2 cups sugar
1 ½ cups-packed-shredded zucchini
½ cup-packed-shredded carrots
2 cups flour
1 tsp. salt
2 tsp. baking soda
½ tsp. baking powder     
1 tsp. vanilla
½ cup ground almond
½ tsp. cinnamon
Grease and flour (2) 9 inch round cake pans. Stir first 3 ingredients together, add vegetables and mix well, add remaining cake ingredients and stir well. Pour batter into pans and bake at 350 deg. for 25-30 min. Cool in pans on rack for 0 min. Remove and cool completely. Optionally freeze one layer now.

Optional toppings for the Garden Cake above or as a quick solution for a boxed cake mix
Milk Glaze-for 1 layer. Double quantities for 2 layer cake.
1 cup sifted confectioner’s sugar
2 tsp. hot milk
½ tsp. vanilla
Combine ingredients and mix until smooth. Cover top of cake and decorate as desired.

Coconut Cake with Coconut Icing: Serves 10-Always a spring favorite-From https://abountifulkitchen.com coconut-cake-made-with-box-mix//the-best-

3 large eggs

1 cup sour cream

1 teaspoon vanilla

1/2 cup cold water

3/4 cup coconut milk 

1 white cake mix I like Duncan Hines or Betty Crocker

1 small package instant vanilla pudding*

Icing

1/2 cup butter, softened

8 oz. cream cheese, room temperature

4-5 cups powdered sugar

Dash of salt

2 tablespoons milk or half and half

1 7-10 oz. coconut flakes, sweetened
Grease and line 2-9 inch cake pans with parchment paper. Preheat oven to 350 degrees and set rack in center of oven. Beat eggs, sour cream, vanilla, water and coconut milk until blended well. Add cake mix and instant pudding.* Mix only till smooth.  Pour batter into pans; sprinkle a little coconut on top of cakes, if desired. Bake at 350 deg. for about 25-30 min. or until toothpick inserted in middle comes out clean. Invert onto rack and let cool completely.

Frosting:

Blend butter and cream cheese until smooth. Add powdered sugar, salt and milk until desired consistency. Mix well. Spread frosting on cooled cake. Sprinkle remaining coconut on top and sides of cake and gently press into frosting.

Chill until serving. Remove about 30 minutes before serving for best results. Store any leftovers covered in refrigerator.

Notes: Actually I prefer Betty Crocker Fluffy White Frosting mix in a box. Simply top with the coconut flakes

*Coconut pudding may be used in place of vanilla pudding.

SPRING VEGETABLE SIDE DISHES

Spring vegetables are probably more anticipated than those of any other season. They are welcomed for their tender crispness and fresh, delicate favors but also because they are positive proof that winter is really over. Unfortunately, much as we want to feature these veggies in our spring holiday meus, Mother Nature isn’t always in sync with pre-set, calculated calendar dates.  So we have to improvise.

Never have we had more access to fresh ‘spring’ produce all year, carrots, spinach, radishes, scallions, or to better quality frozen, green beans. So, although they don’t equal the truly fresh, new, local crop, there’s a lot to work with in creating acceptable substitutes.

The thing which sets spring vegetable apart from those of other seasons is that they are best while young and tender, rather than ripe and fully matured. Youth and freshness are key to both appearance and taste. Preparation is focused on maintaining and conveying these qualities, so cooking them is a case of less is more. A pinch of salt in the water, a dab of butter when plating them is often enough. For Spring Vegetable recipes see posts on  May 17,2014,   Apr. 9, 2015,   Mar. 3, 2016,   Mar. 31, 2016,   Apr. 6,2016,   Apr. 20, 2017,   Mar. 15, 2018,   Mar. 29, 2018,   Apr. 2, 2020,   Mar. 25, 2021.

On the other hand, this is the saving grace if you’re forced to depend on regular market offerings. The door is open to doctor them a bit to taste like the real thing. Not by using the sauces, syrups or bolder herbs and spices which are used on vegetables of other seasons, but with the delicate addition of herbs and spices also associated with spring. Mint, parsley and dill are prime examples. Ginger root is considered a light spice, and a squeeze of fresh lemon juice, though not seasonal, always brightens taste. I’ve written several posts giving recipes to use as examples.

Two tips on dealing with fresh or frozen vegetables at any season; first, they can always be made a bit special by preparing them in 2 quick ways. One to glaze them; boil or steam them to crisp tender, then sauté them with butter (about 1 Tbs. per pound) and appropriate seasonings until well coated and shiny. See carrots below. Two: braise them by immersing them in a flavored liquid, covering the dish and slow baking until vegetables are tender. See leeks below. Second tip: adding herbs is the easiest way to flavor vegetables, especially in spring when herbs are themselves, a new spring growth.

The recipes below illustrate how this is done, and, hopefully, give you ideas for serving spring vegetables. Oh, and do try the radishes. They’re delicious! Two easy tips on

RECIPES

Green Beans with Shallots: Serves 4 – From- https://www.onceuponachef.com/recipes/french-string-beans-with-shallots.html
2 Tbs. olive oil or unsalted butter

2 large shallots, thinly sliced

1/2 cup water

3/4 pound (12 ounces) French string beans (haricots verts), trimmed

1/2 tsp. salt

1/4 tsp. freshly ground black pepper

Pinch sugar

Heat the oil in a large skillet over medium-low heat. Add the shallots and cook, stirring frequently, until soft and translucent, about 8 min. Do not brown. Add the beans, salt, pepper and water; bring to a boil. Cover the skillet, reduce the heat to low, and cook for 8 min. Remove the lid and increase the heat to high. Cook, stirring frequently, until the liquid is evaporated, the beans are tender, and the shallots are jammy, about 6 min. Taste and adjust the seasoning with salt, pepper, and a pinch of sugar. Serve warm.

Peas and Mint Serves 4-6

1 lb. fresh or frozen peas

¼  cup. chopped fresh mint.

2 Tbs. butter

Steam or lightly boil the peas until crisp tender about 5 min or as stated on package. Drain, add mint or butter and toss to coat and mix, Serve at once.

Green Peas, Lettuce and Scallions (Green Onions) Serves 6

1 Tbs. butter

Salt and pepper and lemon pepper

2 heads Bibb lettuce-halved lengthwise

3 bunches scallions—roots and tough green ends trimmed

1 lb. peas- frozen or fresh

1 Tbs. oil

Salt and pepper and lemon pepper

Melt the oil in a sauce pan over low heat; gently toss the lettuce and scallions to coat well.

Gingered Carrots: Serves 4

1 lb. carrots sliced on an angle

2 Tbs. oil

1 inch fresh ginger grated

1Tbs. poppy seeds

Lightly boil the carrots until just tender 8-10 min; drain well… Sauté in a pan with the oil, ginger and poppy seeds until glossy and just tender. Don’t allow to burn. Serve hot.
2) Prepare the carrots as above. Sauté them with 2 Tbs. melted butter, ½ cup maple syrup, 1 tsp. cinnamon until tender and glossy. Season with salt and pepper if needed. Serve hot.
3) Proceed as above and sauté the carrots in 2 Tbs. butter, ½ tsp. nutmeg, juice of 2 oranges and zest of 1 orange until glossy and tender. Add freshly ground pepper to taste.
4) Proceed as above, using 3 Tbs. butter and ¼ cup honey. This may need a drop of lemon juice.
Carrots roast well tossed with a bit of oil, 1 tsp. of balsamic vinegar and dusted with herb of choice, they take about 30 min. at 350 deg. just watch that they don’t shrivel.
2) They can also be baked. Cut them in sticks and lay the raw carrots in a shallow pan. Pour over 1 cup stock or broth and sprinkle with 2 Tbs. fresh or 1 Tbs. dried herb of choice, thyme, rosemary, sage, marjoram or dill. Dot with 2 Tbs. butter and bake 350 deg. for 30-35 min. until stock is absorbed Taste for salt and pepper if needed. Serve hot.

Thyme Baked Carrots: Serves 4 
1 lb. carrots-small regular carrots are best for this-peeled, julienned (¼ x 3 inches)
1 cup chicken or beef stock
2 Tbs. chopped fresh thyme-parsley, marjoram or sage will also due
2 Tbs. butter
Place the vegetables in a shallow baking dish, pour the stock over, season, scatter the thyme on top and dot with butter. Bake at 350 deg. for 35-40 min. until stock is absorbed and carrots are tender. Serve warm.

Asparagus
Break off the woody part of the stems and put the spears in a microwave proof dish in one layer, if possible, no more than two, or cook in batches. Microwave on high 3 to 9 min. depending on the thickness of the stems. If marinating, put drained spears on a serving plate, pour marinade over and allow to infuse as the asparagus cools, then refrigerate or serve. If saucing, shock spears with cold water, chill them and sauce before serving or sauce and serve hot.
For Marinating: A vinaigrette of choice is best
For Saucing: A plain white sauce is good or optionally for 4 servings combine

1 cup cooled cooking water

1 Tbs. cornstarch

Lemon pepper to taste

Dissolve the cornstarch in the liquid and bring to a simmer, stirring constantly until thickened. Add seasoning to taste. For a richer sauce, add 1 beaten egg yolk to the cooled sauce and reheat, over low, stirring constantly until sauce is quite thick. Check to adjust seasoning.  
Garnishes: Asparagus loves to be decorated and will accept many things: sliced or chopped roasted or fresh peppers, chopped eggs, toasted chopped nuts and seeds, anchovies, capers, herbs crumbled bacon, even breadcrumbs.

Braised Leeks: Serves 6
Leeks are prone to retain soil. To clean cut to within 1 inch of the white part, soak well and hold under running water. If some dirt is still visible, cut them in half lengthwise.
6-8 Leeks-cleaned
1 cup + chicken broth
6 Tbs. Butter
Salt
Steam the leeks in a covered pot with the broth and salt to taste until tender. Drain and melt the butter in a pan, add the leeks and cook over medium heat, turning often, until lightly colored. Check salt and serve hot with butter pored over. Garnish with parsley or dill.

Braised Fennel: Serves 4

2 heads fennel – stalks removed and quartered
1 Tbs. butter
1 Tbs. oil
Enough broth to partially cover
Salt and pepper
Sauté the fennel in the butter and oil until golden on one side and slightly translucent about 5 min. Pour over broth, cover pan and simmer until tender about 15- 20 min. Season and serve hot. 

Fennel also combines well with radishes, cucumber, cabbage, celery, pears, apples, grapes and most nuts citrus fruits, pieces, zest or juice spark its flavor as does a bit of vinegar in the dressing. Because of fennel’s unique flavor, some may think it’s hard to be creative in using it, but the opposite is true. Aside from braised, fennel doesn’t like to be alone and readily combines with other foods.  Actually, it’s an excellent place to learn to be creative, and salads are a good platform, especially the newer ones combining many ingredients, including grains and seeds.

Spring Spinach Salad: Serves 6-8—depending on size of bag OR
7-12 oz. . fresh, spring spinach
4-6 red radishes= 1 per serving
¼ cup toasted, chopped walnuts
4-5 fresh strawberries per serving – halved if large
½ cup crumbled feta cheese—optional for garnish
Vinaigrette dressing of choice—Raspberry suggested
Wash greens snap off hard stems, wash and hull berries, wash and thinly slice radishes, discarding greens. Chill all ingredients, in water if necessary. Drain and divide the spinach among plates, scatter radish slices, then berries, nuts and cheese over. Drizzle with dressing.

Nana’s Hot Boiled Dressing
This dressing is an old, favorite family recipe. It’s wonderful cold in place of mayonnaise for sandwiches and salads like potato, chicken, tuna and salmon. Hot it gives a new dimension to spinach and, if you can get them, dandelions. Young spring spinach is best but the “baby” found pre-packed in bags all year is acceptable. Just make sure all greens are well washed and the hard part of the stems is snapped off. Either salad can be garnished with crumbled bacon. Used cold with the addition of quartered hard boiled eggs it can make a meal of the spinach version.
Recipe: Makes about 2 cups
3 Tbs. sugar
½ tsp. dry mustard
1/8 tsp. paprika
1 Tbs. flour
1 tsp. salt
1 Tbs. butter
½ cup cider vinegar
½ cup water
2 eggs – well beaten
Using the top of a Bain Marie or double boiler, whisk together the first 5 ingredients. Whisk in the next 3 and place top pot over bottom in which the required amount of water is boiling. Cook, constantly stirring, until smooth and butter is melted. Pour a little into the beaten eggs, stirring to prevent curdling, pour the rest of the hot liquid into the eggs. Then return the mixture to the top of the double boiler and cook constantly stirring until mixture is thick and smooth.
Serve hot over chosen cleaned greens. Do not use over lettuces. All greens will wilt with the heat and lettuces don’t stand up well.
NOTE: Chill leftover and use as mayonnaise or a salad dressing.

Sautéed Spinach and Garlic: Serves 4

1 ½ lb. baby spinach or 1 large bunch field spinach
6 cloves garlic -chopped
2 Tbs. oi

Salt and freshly ground pepper to taste
Fresh lemon juice-optional
Trim stems of field spinach if using. Wash spinach and spin almost dry. In a large skillet, sauté garlic in oil over medium heat, 1 min. but don’t allow to brown. Add all the spinach, salt and pepper and stir with a wooden spoon to coat with oil. Cover pot and cook for 2 min. to wit spinach evenly. Uncover and continue cooking and stirring until spinach is tender and garlic is fragrant, about 2-5 min. more. Serve at once with an optional squeeze of lemon.

Sautéed Radishes: Serves 4- from 500 3-Ingredient Recipes by Robert and Carol Hildebrand.
1 lb. radishes-trimmed and split lengthwise
1 Tbs. minced garlic
1 Tbs. rice vinegar or other light, flavored vinegar
¼ cup olive oil
Salt and pepper
Heat the oil in a sauté pan over medium heat, add the radishes, season and add garlic. Cook 5-6 min. gently tossing. Add the vinegar and stir to incorporate. Serve at once.

Caramelized Shallots or Pearl Onions: Serves 4-6
1 ½ lb. shallots or pearl onions – skins peeled but root ends left on
1 Tbs. sugar
2 Tbs. butter
2 Tbs. oil
1 cup water, wine or broth
Sauté the shallots in the melted butter and the oil over medium heat until golden. Sprinkle in the sugar, toss to coat and continue to cook on low heat, until vegetables begin to glaze. Add liquid, cover and cook for 2-7 min. until vegetables are tender. Remove lid, allow steam to escape and cook until liquid evaporates and shallots are light brown and well glazed.

RECIPE UPDATES

Everything about spring menus is lighter than the hearty ones of winter-the vegetables, the desserts and especially the roasts. In today’s world of rapidly rising meat prices, spring roasts are also less expensive, with lamb, ham and pork loin replacing beef and chicken, duck and game hens replacing turkey.

The fact is foods have changed with the times. They aren’t so seasonally specific. For example pork, formerly associated with colder weather is found on menus all year, offering an economic option. Summer squash and asparagus are available in fall and winter. I deal with this subject in my post on Spring Roasts for March 22, 2018.  Incidentally, that post lists different entrée recipes than this, so check it out.

Basically, the main criteria for spring roasts are that they be smaller, more tender, than those of fall and winter. Also, in keeping with the season, spring roasts are treated in a lighter manner and/or presented in a more delicate cut, such as a rack rather than a leg, and are often served au jus rather than with thickened gravy. They are meant to be accompanied by and compliment the fresh, young produce of spring not overpower it.

The recipe suggestions in my book, Spring Roasts for Easter and Passover, are selected for holidays, occasions or simply dinners at this season.  I’ve written several posts with different excerpts from this book specifically on April 5, 2012,   April 21, 2014, March 22, 2015,   March 22, 2018, April 1, 2019,  March 25, 2020 each with different takes on the book and one on brunch options  on March 23,2016.  However, the past few years, with gatherings undergoing first changes due to Covid and now rising food costs making menu options a real consideration, I’m adding a few cost effective entrees to those in the book.

Beef is welcome, but in expensive cuts like fillet mignon and London broil. Pork too is acceptable, as loin, tenderloin or the elegant chop display of a crown roast filled with steamed spring vegetables. Lamb is making a comeback as a mature animal because it’s sustainable. Poultry is still popular and ham, cured over the winter has always been popular.

Spring Roasts does contain recipes for veal, which is still available in specialty butcher shops but recipes for veal, turkey, chicken and pork are interchangeable. There are also lots of recipes for sides and desserts. There are many menu options and available selections cover a wide price range resulting in a huge variety of possible presentations. This book offers suggestions for the complete entrée as well as tips on seasonal upgrades. For example, if you feel comfortable with your own method of roasting, say a chicken, there are ways to perk it up for spring.

1.Rub the roast with oil and sprinkle inside and out with a dried herb of choice

2.Instead of potatoes, roast whole carrots, onions or lightly blanched fennel quarters around the roast. About 40 min. before it’s done, add the vegetables with a bit of canned, condensed broth, baste them a time or two.

3,Forget thickening gravy. Use the rest of the broth to deglaze the roasting pan at the end, adding a little wine or herbs to make a sauce to pass at table.

4.Try one of the easy stuffings below. I suggest the rice because it’s lighter than bread. The first 2 recipes can be made ahead, frozen and thawed for use on the day

In general, for spring meals, I like to go easy on the carbs and serve several vegetable dishes,
including a leafy salad with fruit. If I’m catering to big or growing appetites, muffins, especially fruit ones or focaccia with a flavored topping are great fillers.” However, there is a selection of spring carb recipes in the post on March 31, 2022. Additionally, if you prefer stuffing, or want to roll a roast, there are seasonal options for that in Spring Roasts as well. Some examples are below:

RECIPES

Apricot Glazed Cornish Hens

 4 Cornish Hens
1 cup apricot nectar
4 Tbs. apricot jam
1 tsp. butter – melted
Marinate the hens in a plastic bag with the nectar, in the refrigerator for at least 2 hr. turning often. Remove the hens, reserving marinade, and place in a pan breast side up. Bake in a 350 deg. oven basting with marinade often during first 40 min. Mix butter with jam and baste the hens a final time. Bake 20 min. more or until hens are tender. Deglaze pan drippings with a bit of white wine or apple juice and serve with the hens.

Duck with Cherries

4lb. duckling
2 cups white wine or apple juice
Salt, pepper, powdered ginger –
2 Tbs. flour
(1) 20 oz. can pitted Bing cherries in syrup
Clean the duck, trim the fat and remove the oil gland. Place the duck on a rack in the sink, prick the skin with a fork all over and pour 2-4 cups of boiling water over the duck. This shrinks the skin and helps it crisp. Sprinkle with the seasonings and put the duck, on the rack in a pan into a preheated 450 deg. oven for 15 min. reduce heat to 350 deg. and cook for 20 min. per pound until tender. Baste often with the wine or juice, using all. When duck is done, keep warm. Strain fat from pan drippings. Mix the flour with the drippings and cook until smooth and thickened. Add the cherries with syrup and heat through. Spoon some of the sauce over each portion as served and pass the rest.

Chicken with Herb Butter
6 lb. oven roaster
5 cloves garlic – mashed
1 cup mixed chopped fresh herbs- rosemary, thyme, sage & parsley OR ¼ cup mixed dried herbs
¼ lb. butter softened
Salt and pepper
2 cups water or broth –   more if needed
1 Tbs.cornstarch

Mix herbs, butter and garlic. Gently lift the breast skin on the chicken and spread about ¼ the butter mixture under the skin on each side. Put the chicken in a roasting pan breast side up. Gently dot some of the butter over the top and pour about ¼ cup both in the pan bottom. Put the chicken in a preheated 350 deg. oven and roast 30 min per pound dotting with the remainder of the butter and adding broth to keep the pan drippings fluid during roasting. Don’t baste unless it looks dry. Remove the chicken to a serving plate and tent with foil to keep warm. Mix broth with the pan drippings to equal 2 cups. Whisk in the cornstarch and stir over medium heat until slightly thickened. Serve with chicken.

Chicken with Fruit Stuffing.
6 lb. oven roaster
¼ cup diced onion
¼ cup diced celery
1 large cooking apple like Granny Smith, peeled, cored and in large cubes
1 orange cut in half and segments removed—rind zested and reserved
1/3 cup raisins\
½ tsp. each dried thyme, rosemary and sage
1 egg
6 slices cinnamon raisin bread – lightly toasted and torn in 1 inch pieces OR 6 slices white bread lightly toasted with ½ tsp. cinnamon added to the mix
@ 3 Tbs. orange juice or apple juice – more if needed to just moisten stuffing
Salt and pepper to taste
Chicken broth
1 Tbs. cornstarch

Mix all the ingredients above except the broth and cornstarch, adding only enough fruit juice to moisten. Stuff the chicken and put it in a roasting pan breast side up, with ½ cup broth in the bottom. Cook 30 min. per pound, adding broth to keep pan drippings fluid. When chicken is golden and juices run clear, remove to a serving plate and add enough broth or, optionally, broth and fruit juice to pan to equal 2 cups. Whisk in cornstarch and stir over medium heat until slightly thickened. Serve with roast.

Rack of Lamb: Allow 1 chop per serving
Number 1
2 racks of lamb
½ cup mint jelly
2 Tbs. vinegar
Trim the meat well and place fat side up in a roasting pan. Brush with jelly melted with vinegar and roast 375 deg. 15-20 min per pound. Brush with rest of the jelly mix just before finished. Serve on a platter and divide into servings at table.

Number 2
2 racks of lamb
½ cup panko- lightly crushed
2 tsp. garlic powder
2 tsp. chopped fresh chives
3 tsp. chopped fresh mint
1 Tbs. lemon juice
1 tsp. lemon zest
Water
4 Tbs. butter
SAUCE
1 Tbs. lemon juice
½ cup white wine
2 Tbs. mint jelly
4 Tbs. butter
Mix the panko and next 6 ingredients in a bowl using just enough water to bind. Trim lamb and press breading into meat, Place bones down in a pan, drizzle with butter and roast 375 deg. for 15-20 min per pound. MAKE SAUCE by deglazing pan with lemon juice and wine, add a bit of water if more liquid is needed. Dissolve first jelly then butter in pan to make sauce. Serve drizzled on plates when carving.

Leg of Lamb with Mint Sauce

5-7lb. leg of lamb
½ cup of mint sauce – a vinegar based sauce, not mint jelly. For recipe see p.28*
¼ cup of cider vinegar
1 cup chicken broth
1 cup beef broth
3Tbs. flour
Trim all the fat from the lamb, rub with the vinegar and place in a roasting pan with ¼ inch of water. Pour about ¼ cup of mint sauce over the lamb and put in a 325deg. oven. Roast 13-15 min. per pound for rare, 16-18 min for medium After 15 min. pour over the other ¼ cup of mint sauce. Baste frequently with drippings, adding water as necessary to maintain the liquid level. Meanwhile, dissolve the flour in 1 cup broth. When meat is done, remove to a plate and keep warm. Use I cup of broth to deglaze pan add to the cup with the flour in a saucepan. Bring to a simmer and stir until thickened. Serve hot with the meat and pass mint jelly on the side.
* Mint Sauce:
Per bunch of fresh mint- I use spearmint;  Cut off the thickest part of the stems and any root tendrils. Wash the leaves well. Place in a stockpot and just cover with apple cider vinegar. Bring to a simmer and add sugar to a sweet-sour taste. Don’t over sweeten. You may use sugar substitute. Cook until stems are soft—about 5-8 min. Cool and blend or process until mint is almost a powder. Pour into glass bottles. Leave to cool completely and screw on tops. I use well cleaned 8oz.salad dressing bottles. Store in a dark place at room temperature.  Keeps for months.

Rub this over the leg of lamb before roasting and add a bit to pan drippings to baste. I make gravy of the pan drippings and 2 beef plus 1 chicken bouillon envelopes and 2 cups water mixed with ¼ cup mint sauce, pan drippings and about 5 Tbs. flour or 2 ½ Tbs. cornstarch.

For broiled lamb chops, or lamb patties, I pour a light covering of mint sauce over them before cooking.

Sauce can also be used for flavoring in Sheppard’s Pie, stews, soups etc.

Excellent over fresh fruit and vegetables.

Pork Loin and Beets: Serves 4- from Bon Appetit.com
¼ cup walnuts
3 Tbs. plus ½ cup olive oil
1 ½ pounds pork tenderloin
Kosher salt
2 medium onions, coarsely chopped
3 medium golden beets, scrubbed, cut into bite-size pieces
Freshly ground black pepper
4 garlic cloves, chopped
2 cups sauerkraut, plus ½ cup brine
1 cup low-sodium chicken broth
½ cup dry white wine
4 Tbs. fresh lemon juice, divided
½ cup finely chopped mint”
½ cup finely chopped parsley
¼ cup finely chopped dried tart apricots
Toast walnuts in a skillet or on a rimmed baking sheet, in a 350 deg. oven, tossing once, until golden brown, 7–10 minutes. Let cool, and chop. Heat 3 Tbs. oil in a large skillet over medium-high. Season pork loin with salt and cook until browned on all sides, 10–15 minutes. Transfer pork to a platter. Add onions and beets to same skillet and cook, stirring often, until onions are slightly translucent and browned, 10–12 minutes; season with salt and pepper. Add garlic, sauerkraut, brine, broth, wine, and 2 Tbsp. lemon juice and bring to a simmer. Cover skillet, reduce heat to low, and cook until beets are fork-tender, 25–30 minutes. Return pork to skillet and push down into liquid. Turn heat up to medium and simmer, uncovered, turning occasionally until instant-read thermometer inserted into the thickest part of loin registers 150 deg., 20–30 minutes. Transfer pork to a cutting board and let rest 5 minutes before slicing.
Meanwhile, mix walnuts, mint, parsley, apricots, remaining 2 Tbs. lemon juice, and remaining ½ cup oil in a small bowl; season with salt and pepper. Spoon beet mixture onto plates and arrange sliced pork on top. Spoon a generous amount of walnut sauce over.

Spinach Stuffed Pork Loin: Serves 6
3 lb. boneless pork loin
(1) 4 oz. can mushroom stems and pieces
½ cup diced shallots
1 garlic clove-minced
2 Tbs. brandy
1 Tbs. butter
(1) 10 oz. box frozen, chopped spinach-thawed
1 Tbs. oil
Salt and pepper to taste
2 cups condensed canned chicken broth + more if needed
¼ cup white wine
Mix the broth and the wine. Butterfly the pork by lengthwise slicing almost through. Open it like a book and make similar slices down each half. Cover with plastic wrap and pound the meat to an even thinness. Sauté the shallots and mushrooms in the butter until golden, remove to a bowl. Add the oil to the pan and toss the spinach over with the garlic, remove to the bowl with the shallots and add seasonings. Save any pan juices and add to the broth mix. Spread the vegetable mixture on the meat to within a about an inch of each edge. Roll the meat around the stuffing, starting with a long side and secure with string. Pour over about ½ cup of broth mix and cook in a 350 deg. oven about 1 hr.45 min. >2 hrs. adding more broth mix as necessary. Deglaze the pan with the rest of the broth mix and pass at table.

Baked, Glazed Ham: For those on restrictive diets, Smoked Turkey can be substituted for the ham. The GLAZE is an old family recipe

1 ham, shank or butt 7-10 lbs.
½ cup molasses
2 Tbs. cider vinegar
@24 whole cloves
2 cups apple juice + more if needed
1 small can pineapple rings
4-5 Candied or Maraschino cherries + equal number of toothpicks
½ cup raisins
Trim all fat from the ham, lightly score the top and dot it with cloves.  Put the ham in a roasting pan with 1 cup of apple juice to prevent sticking, and set it in a 350 deg. oven. After about 20 minutes, or when the scoring opens, baste it with ½ the glaze and add more juice to the pan, if needed. Allowing 15min. per pound, halfway through the cooking, add a bit more juice to the bottom of the pan to deglaze and baste with that, then spoon ½ the remaining glaze over the ham. 30 min. before it’s finished,  open a small can of pineapple slices and, reserving the juice,  place 4 slices on top of the ham, centering each with a cherry on a toothpick, then spoon the remaining glaze over them.
Raisin Sauce

Meanwhile, combine the reserved pineapple juice and enough apple juice to make 2 cups, with 2Tbs. cornstarch and ½ cup raisins. Stirring constantly, I bring the mixture to a boil in a small saucepan until it thickens and clarifies. Add the pan drippings and stir to incorporate. To make a delicious Raisin Sauce!

STUFFINGS –Stuffing with egg tends to puff and rice spills out. An easy way to keep the stuffing in a bird is to flatten a piece of bread with a can or rolling pin to compact it and place it over the cavity opening secured with a couple of poultry pins or skewers.

Apricot and Herb Stuffing: Yield 3 cups-Adapted from Memorable Roasts published by Konemann
1 cup chopped dried apricots
1 onion chopped
1 stalk celery chopped
¾ cup raisins
1 Tbs. dried parsley
¼ tsp. EACH dried sage, thyme, rosemary
About ¼ cup milk*
3 cups fresh breadcrumbs*
1 egg beaten*
Mix all the ingredients adding just enough milk to hold it loosely together and seal in a freezer bag or covered container. To use, thaw and stuff bird, cook as directed.
*Replace these ingredients with 3 cups cooked rice—suggestion brown rice.

Walnut and Ham Stuffing: Yield 3 cups- Adapted from Memorable Roasts published by Konemann
1cup finely chopped ham
½ cup chopped walnuts
½ cup chopped mushrooms
¼ cup chopped parsley
About ¼ cup milk*
2 cups chopped breadcrumbs*
1 egg beaten*
Mix all the ingredients adding just enough milk to hold it loosely together and seal in a freezer bag or covered container. To use, thaw and stuff bird, cook as directed.
*Replace these ingredients with 3 cups cooked rice—suggestion brown rice

Fruit Stuffing for Duck or Chickeen: Yield about 3 cups
2 apples, peeled, cored and diced
½ navel orange sectioned + 1Tbs. slivered orange peel OR (1) 8oz. can mandarin oranges, drained
About ¼ cup orange juice or milk
1/3 cup raisins
1 small onion chopped
1 stalk celery chopped
1 tsp . dried sage
3 slices raisin bread toasted-torn in1 inch pieces
Mix all the ingredients adding just enough liquid to hold it together. Stuff bird and cook as directed

VEGETARIAN/VEGAN PASTA SAUCES

Only twice in all my nearly 600 postings have I addressed vegetarian/vegan recipes (June 11, 2015)         both at the request of an old friend. Since I’m neither, I felt that advice is best left to a chef who is vegetarian or vegan. I do have meatless recipes I my archives, but they are just that-meatless, usually with bone broth poached ingredients or stock based sauce.

By comparison, these sauce recipes are completely vegetarian and/or optionally vegan, bearing in mind that vegetarians accept dairy, occasionally some fish and even chicken, while vegans eat only plant based food. It’s also important to note here that commercially made dried pasta is vegan, but fresh usually isn’t unless otherwise labeled.

With over 100 varieties of noodles, depending on the sauce, pasta fits any cuisine and occasion. Sauces can be traditional or spur of the moment innovations with an infinite number of combinations depending on the ingredients available. This means recipes can be deceptive as to their nutritional values and can change them according to the ingredients used without altering flavor. 

For example, the Straw and Hay recipe below appears rich and fattening. Actually, per serving, the sauce, made with heavy cream and butter the sauce totals 133 cal. (cream) and 326 cal. (butter) =459 cal. and 0 carbs. Made with half and half at 60 cal. and margarine at 160 cal. it’s 220 cal. and 2.6 carbs. The choice of pasta can make a difference too. 1 cup white pasta contains 221 cal. and 47 carbs. 1 cup whole wheat pasta has 174 cal. and 37 carbs. That equals a total of 680 cal. and 47 carbs per serving for the original Straw & Hay recipe and 394 cal. with 39.6 carbs for the altered one. 

Pasta dishes are always fresh, can be quick and easy, subject to the sauce, and constantly offer room for creativity. That’s part of the fun, and appeal, of pasta. Soon after I moved to Italy, I  worked out a favorite fast meal to make after a long day’s work; a steaming plate of cappellini, tossed with oil salt, pepper, optionally garlic powder, and cheese. Then a friend suggested I up the taste by adding spinach pasta and another advised I add tomato pasta as well and call it Pasta Bandiera or Flag Pasta because it was the colors of the Italian flag. That led to a running game of devising sauces to use on the dish using only those three colors. The red was tomatoes or peppers, and the white fennel, onion, cheese, even chicken or fish but the green ran a whole range of vegetables and herbs, even pesto which counted as one ingredient. As for me, I stick to my original combo for the most part as a favorite go-to but the story illustrates the imaginative fun that working with pasta offers. There are no set measurements. It’s simply ‘to taste’

The only real guideline in using pasta is in pairing the sauce with the right one. Smooth sauces are best presented on long strands and flat surfaces while chunky ones are better topping shaped varieties because the crevices trap the morsels of food. Of course, the smaller the food bits, the smaller the pasta shapes needed, and the more delicate the sauce the more delicate the pasta, whereas chunkier or more rustic sauces require firmer gauges of pasta. Other than that, it’s up to the cook!

Of the following recipes the first two are vegan or modified to vegan. The others are vegetarian and the last two are versions of other presentations and open to experimentation or adjustment. Aside from the giant shell dish which is a given, I mention pasta types with each recipe but only as suggestions. If you want to see more sauce recipes, I have a series of them in the archives. For the most extensive postings, go to the Blog button and select Sept. 30, 2015 and Oct. 7. 2015 from the drop down menu in the box labeled ‘Archives’ in the right margin of the page.

RECIPES

Stir-Fry Primavera: Serves 4 (Rigatoni) “Primavera” means spring in Italian and this is the truest form of the dish, using all spring vegetables not even summer tomatoes.
1 lb. pasta, cooked and drained-OR 1 small spaghetti squash-cooked and scraped from shell
1 medium onion in large dice
1 medium carrot, halved lengthwise and thinly sliced
1 zucchini cut in ¼ inch slices
1 lb. asparagus cut diagonally in ¼ inch slices-tips set aside
1 small fennel bulb, thinly sliced and slices cut in ½ inch pieces
1 cup peas
½ lb. sliced mushrooms
6 scallions thinly sliced
6 small or 4 large red radishes, thinly sliced – optional
2 large garlic cloves minced
½ cup chicken broth
¼ cup white wine
½ tsp. oregano
1 tsp. basil
2 Tbs. parsley
Salt and pepper
½ cup grated Parmesan

Melt butter in a skillet over medium-high heat and sauté garlic and onions until tender. Stir in fennel, carrot, zucchini, asparagus stems and mushrooms and cook for 2 min. Add broth, wine, basil and oregano, bring to a boil and boil until liquid is slightly reduced, about 3 min. Add peas, scallions, radish slices and asparagus tips, salt, pepper and parsley. Stir gently for 2 min. add pasta and cheese. Toss gently until well mixed. Serve with shaved Parmesan as a garnish.

Pasta Puttanesca: Serves 4 (Spaghetti or cappellini)
8 oz. pasta
4 large tomatoes, peeled, seeded and chopped = 1 ½ lb. or (1) 28oz. can diced, drained, juice reserved
1 Tbs. oil
1 tsp. red pepper flakes
2/3 cups drained tomato juice + water to reach amount if needed
2 crushed garlic cloves
12 pitted ripe olives-sliced
8 anchovy fillets chopped OR 12-16 (size dependent) pitted green olives minced
2 tsp. chopped capers
¼ cup chopped parsley
1 Tbs. chopped fresh basil or 1 tsp. dried
In a large saucepan heat oil and cook garlic for 1 min . Add tomatoes, juice and/or water. Cover and simmer 10 min. for fresh, 5 min. for canned. Add water if needed to prevent sticking. Add remaining ingredients and simmer uncovered 5-8 min. Toss with cooked pasta. Serve hot garnished with parsley—NO Cheese Please!

Straw and Hay: Serves 6 (Fettucine)* –VERY child friendly
8oz. spinach pasta
8oz.regular pasta
½ cup butter
1½ cups heavy cream or half and half
Salt and freshly ground pepper
1¼ cups grated Parmesan
Cook pasta according to directions, drain and set aside. In pasta pot or a large skillet, melt butter over medium high heat and stir in cream. Keep stirring until cream thickens, lifting pot if cream starts to boil. Add pasta to pot and toss to mix with salt and pepper. Serve hot with cheese over top.
Note:* This is a mild flavored dish. For more zip,  my favorite tip is to add ¼ cup shredded Pepper Jack cheese to the sauce as it cooks, and a bit of pasta water if needed, also consider adding capers, sliced green olives, anchovy paste or a few drops of hot sauce. Otherwise, 1 cup of cubed ham, turkey ham or corned beef or an envelope of bullion powder are good options.

Stuffed Shells: Serves 4
8oz. package giant shells
3 Tbs. butter
3 Tbs. flour
2 cups half and half or milk
½ lb. Gruyere cheese or 8 oz. bar Monterey Jack shredded
2 egg yolks
½ tsp. each nutmeg and salt
¼ cup melted butter
½ cup grated Parmesan
(1) 15 oz. can diced tomatoes (flavoring optional) or tomato sauce- optional*
Cook pasta and drain. Melt 3 Tbs. butter in a saucepan over medium, stir in flour to make a paste, remove from heat, stir in milk and return to heat stirring until thickened, about 3 min. Add shredded cheese, nutmeg and salt. Keep stirring until cheese melts. Whisk in eggs and mix well. Stuff shells and place in a greased 9X 13 inch pan, drizzle with melted butter and top with Parmesan. Bake in a preheated 400 deg. oven 15 min. until golden.
NOTE *If using: 1)Place tomatoes or sauce in pan before adding shells and bake together, or 2)heat tomatoes and spoon on plates before plating shells or 3)Heat and serve on the side.

Pasta with Pea Pods and Goat Cheese: Serves 8 (Bow ties or Penne)
16 oz. pasta
9 oz. pea pods- frozen is fine-large ones cut in half
1 onion halved lengthwise and thinly sliced
2 large red bell peppers julienned or 2 roasted jarred peppers thinly sliced
5 Tbs. butter
1 ½ cups light cream
1 Tbs. basil
6 oz. goat cheese-shredded
1 cup chopped toasted pecans
Cook pasta and have ready. Melt 2 Tbs. of the butter, sauté the onion, and pepper if using raw, until tender, about 3 min. add pea pods and cook ½ -1 min. more until bright green. In a saucepan, heat cream until ready to simmer and add to vegetables, off stove, along with basil and goat cheese. Add remaining 3 Tbs. butter to hot pasta in a serving bowl and top with vegetable mixture. Toss gently and serve at once garnished with pecans.

Pasta with Artichoke Hearts: Serves 6 (Small Shells)
1 lb. pasta
(2)9 oz. boxes frozen artichoke hearts or (3) 6 oz. jars marinated artichoke hearts
1 onion halved lengthwise and sliced
1 ½ lb. tomatoes, peeled and chopped or 15 oz. can diced
¼ cup oil
½ tsp. each salt, pepper and garlic powder
1 Tbs. capers
Salt and pepper
¼ cup chopped parsley
Cook pasta according to directions. If using frozen artichokes, cook according to directions and cut in half if large. If using marinated hearts, drain, cut in half if large and use oil to replace some of that required for cooking. Sauté onion in a large skillet until tender; stir in artichokes and sauté for 3 min. Add tomatoes, capers and seasonings and heat through. Toss with pasta and serve hot.

SHOW OFF WITH FROZEN FISH FILLETS

Traditionally, fish markets were fully stocked and carried fish of more varieties during Lent to serve fasting Christians. As with everything else, times have changed; people are less observant and fish markets, like many independent food retailers, have yielded to supermarket counters. An interesting paradox, because our interest in a healthy eating has put more fish in our diet and the expansion of supermarkets as brought fresh, as well as a wide selection of frozen seafood to even the most inland areas of the U.S. I fully explore this subject in my book All About Seafood.

However, one thing is unchanged, there is more seafood available and more sales on it during Lent. Frozen fish accounts for the larger percent of market sales, with salmon and tilapia the most popular choices.

Salmon’s mild flavor, firm texture, rosy color and high nutritional value, have long made it a favorite. Previously available only fresh or canned, the introduction of packs of individually wrapped frozen fillets opened a wide range of recipes for family mealtime and has practically eclipsed canned.

While salmon range wide areas of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, tilapia owe the fact that they are found globally to their commercial value as a prolific food fish and adaptability to any type water, even brackish, in any climate above 45 deg.F. Originally from Africa, by biblical times, known as St. Peter’s fish, they were a major haul from the Sea of Galilee and were transported to Japan as a food source by 400 A.D. Tilapia are equally adaptable in cooking and can easily substitute for any mild tasting, white fleshed fish, flounder, whitefish, scrod, in most recipes. 

For detailed information on both fish, see posts of Feb. 15, 2018 and Feb.22, 2018. There’s no doubt the packs of wrapped fillets of just these two fish increases the range of home cooks and adds immeasurably to the possible variety of dinner entrees. Some delicious example recipes are listed below

RECIPES

SALMON
Salmon with Tomatoes and Greens: Serves 2
2 thick center slices of salmon (slices work better than fillets)
(1) 5 oz. bag spinach leaves  or equal amount of Kale leaves, thick stems removed
(1) 15 oz. can diced tomatoes with juice
1 Tbs. oil –optional
¼ tsp. garlic powder
Skin the salmon and bake on a non-stick surface at 350 deg. for 5 min, per inch of width or until flakes.  When fish is done, put greens in a flat-bottom dish, top with oil if using, tomatoes with juice and garlic. Microwave for 1-2 min. until greens are slightly wilted and tomatoes are warm.  Plate greens topped with tomatoes and place a piece of fish diagonally across each plate. Serve at once.

Salmon in Lemon Caper Sauce: Serves 2

2—5oz salmon fillets—skin removed

1/2Tbs butter

½ medium onion chopped fine

2Tbs. oil

¼ cup white wine

½ cup sour cream

1Tbs. Capers

1/8 tsp lemon pepper-or to taste

Melt butter and pour over fish on a lightly oiled foil covered baking sheet. Bake at 350degrees for 8mins per inch of thickness of fish, @20mins.
Meanwhile, sauté onion in 1Tbs. of the oil until soft, add balance of oil, capers, wine and lemon pepper. Simmer gently while salmon cooks and allow reducing a bit. Test for taste. Add more lemon pepper if needed. Sauce should be lemony but not bitter. Sauce can be made ahead to this point, but reheat before adding sour cream.  Add sour cream and just warm through. Plate fish, pour sauce over and serve.

Marinated Salmon: Per portion –to be multiplied as needed
(1) 5-6oz salmon filer – skinned
1 Tbs. oil
2 Tbs maple syrup
2 tsp. balsamic vinegar
2 tsp. bourbon
Whisk the oil, syrup and vinegar and bourbon to combine well.  Pour the marinade over the fish in the baking pan, and turn the filet over a few times to coat both sides. Marinate in the refrigerator at least 1 hr. and up to 4 hrs.  Bake in a preheated 350 deg. oven for 8 min. per inch of width. Baste occasionally with pan juices. Serve at once, with any pan juices that remain and garnished with a sprinkling of freshly cracked black pepper.

Poached Salmon with Sauce: Serves 4
1 ½ lbs. of salmon fillets or steaks
1 Tbs. lemon juice
Bring water to cover and lemon juice to a boil and reduce to an even simmer. Slide fish in gently and cook about 8-10 min. per pound until the flesh turns pale pink and flakes easily. Remove from heat, run fish under cold water to stop cooking and remove skin, and spine bone, if still there in steaks. Serve warm or chill on a covered plate at least 1 hour.
Sauce: Can be made the night before-keep covered and chilled
1/3 cup mayonnaise
2/3 cup sour cream
1 ½ tsp. dill weed or to taste
Mix all ingredients well and allow flavors to meld several hours in the refrigerator. Add more dill to taste if needed. Serve dolloped over chilled fish.

TILAPIA
Tilapia Veronique: Serves 4
4 sole fillets, fresh or frozen
2 tablespoons finely chopped shallots
1 cup dry white wine
1 ¼ Tbs. cornstarch
1 tablespoon lemon juice
2 Tbs. butter or margarine
½ cup milk or half-and-half

Salt and pepper to taste
1 lb. seedless grapes- washed, stemmed in a flat dish.
Dissolve the cornstarch in the wine and milk. Melt the butter, with the lemon juice, in a sauce pan and sauté the fillets until they flake. Remove and keep warm. Sauté the shallots in the pan until soft. Add the wine mixture and simmer, stirring, until thickened about 3 min. Season with salt and pepper to taste. Meanwhile microwave grapes about 30 sec. in the microwave, just to warm. Plate with fish and sauce.

Fusion Tilapia: Serves 4
4 large Tilapia fillets
3 bunches scallions – also called green onions- trimmed of roots and course green stems
1 Tbs. garlic powder
1 Tbs. powdered ginger
3 Tbs. butter – divided
2 Tbs. oil
2 Tbs. Soy Sauce
½ cup Cream Sherry
(1) 2lb. 4 oz. can sweet potatoes
2 Tbs. brown sugar
Salt and pepper.
Drain the sweet potatoes. Using 1 Tbs. butter and the brown sugar, and if needed a bit of their own syrup, candy them, either in a skillet on the stove, or in a cooking oil sprayed pan in the oven, as per directions on the can. (I have been known to do this in the microwave, by melting the butter, dissolving the sugar in it, coating the potatoes well, covering and cooking on high for @ 3 min .in one minute intervals) Cut white and light green parts of scallions on and angle in 1 ¼ inch pieces. Set aside.
Melt 1 Tbs. butter and 1 Tbs. oil over medium heat, and gently sauté Tilapia, until it becomes white, adding more butter as needed. You may need to do this in batches. Remove to a plate. Add the remainder of the butter and oil then the garlic and ginger to the pan and stir quickly to avoid clumping. Add the Soy Sauce, Sherry and scallion pieces. Stir for 30 sec. Reduce the heat to medium low. Return the fish to the pan and simmer until heated through, about 2 min. Apportion the potatoes on the plates, in the center of each. Serve the fish decoratively leaning slightly against the potatoes. Spoon the scallions and sauce over the fish.
**NOTE: Sweet potatoes can be used straight from the can, leftover, fresh baked or cubed and boiled, even replaced by squash. It’s a matter of preference and what’s on hand.

Coconut Tilapia: Serves 4 – My own recipe and lighter than the standard. The coconut can be removed, the panko used alone or mixed with seasonings or replaced by crumbs. It’s the method that counts.
4 Tilapia filets – about 1lb
1 cup plain Panko
½ cup sweetened coconut flakes – toasted
½ cup + mayonnaise
Lemon pepper
Step I- Preheat oven to 350 deg. Toast coconut on a piece of foil until golden, about 4 min. watching that edges don’t burn. When cool mix with Panko.
Step 2 – Place fish on a lightly oiled cooking surface, a pan or baking sheet. Completely cover the tops with a thin sheet of mayonnaise, more like a veneer. Dust lightly with lemon pepper.
Step 3 – Sprinkle with Panko-coconut mix, and bake 8 min. per 1 inch width of filet, until top is golden, fish puffs slightly and edges bubble. Serve at once
Note: I put the breading mix in an empty herb bottle with a shaker top. It’s easy to apply, and any extra can simply be stored in the capped bottle.

Tilapia-Zucchini Kabobs: Serves 4- From Quick and Easy by Paragon Publishing
4 tilapia fillets
2 zucchini or yellow squash cut into 12 thick slices
12 cherry tomatoes
12 thick chunks or slices of slightly cooked white or sweet potatoes or carrots
1 lemon –quartered
8 skewers-if wood, soak in water first
SAUCE
4 bay leaves crushed
3 Tbs. olive oil
2 Tbs. lemon juice
¼ tsp. lemon pepper
¼ tsp. dried thyme
Cut the fillets in halves lengthwise and then into 2 strips each half. Roll the fish strips and thread alternately on the skewers with the vegetables. Place the skewers on a lightly oiled, foil lined baking sheet. Mix the sauce it ingredients in a bowl and liberally brush the skewers. Grill or broil about 4 inches from the heat about 10 min. or until fish is done, turning and basting often with the sauce. Serve hot with the lemon wedges.